The debate is over and the results are not good. Image constraint will be mandatory in hardware and optional in software. In other words, all players must be capable of recognizing and acting upon a flag in the digital data stream called Image Constraint Token. The studios will have the option of setting this flag to either the on state or the off state. When on, the player would reduce the resolution of high-definition images by 50% in both dimensions. The 1080 format measures 1920 pixels wide by 1080 pixels high; the reduced resolution would be 960 pixels wide by 540 pixels high. It isn’t clear how that would be done, but I suspect the players would simply throw away every other pixel in each direction, substituting the previous pixel for the discarded pixel. If I’m correct, the video would still appear to monitors as 1080, but the resolution would be substantially reduced:
Conventional DVD: 720 by 480 pixels; 345,600 total pixels
Full resolution 1080i/p: 1920 by 1080; 2,073,600 total pixels
Constrained 1080i/p: 960 by 540; 518,400 total pixels
So constrained HD will have one quarter the resolution of full resolution HD. But one promise has been kept; the industry always maintained that, if imposed, the constrained output would look better than conventional DVD. And as you can observe, constrained HD will have 50% higher resolution (50% more pixels) than conventional DVD.
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